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Pakistan and Homoeopathy

The advent of homoeopathy in Pakistan is practically the same as in India because India and Pakistan were a single country until 1947. The city of Lahore was the first city of undivided India, where homoeopathy was introduced by Dr. J. M. Honigberger, a German Physician. Dr. J.M. Honigberger cured with Dulcamara the then ruler of the Punjab, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, who was sick at Lahore. 

The first homoeopathic institution the Central Homoeopathic Medical College was opened in Lahore in early 1920 by an American Missionary, Dr. Freeburn and Maj. Dr. Sadiq Ali. This institution produced many eminent homoeopaths of British India. The prominent homoeopaths of the Punjab during that period were Dr. Diwan Jai Chand, Dr. Nizamuddin, Dr. Khanchand Dev, Dr. R. D. Ghazi, Dr. M. Masood Qureshi, Dr. M. Ismail Akhtar and Dr. M. Ismail Nami (the founder of Sindh Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan).

The first All-India Homoeopathic Medical Association was formed in 1932. The first Congress session was held in Calcutta, second in Bombay and the third at Madras. In 1936 it met in Agra where it was decided that the homoeopaths should struggle for State recognition. This Congress also decided to register the homoeopaths of British India. Dr. Goswami from Mathura was nominated as the Registrar. Dr. Ghazi, Dr. Masood and Dr. M. Ismail Nami were nominated to authenticate the applicants from the provinces of the Punjab and the Frontier.

Pakistan became independent on 14th August, 1947. Dr. U. A. Pasha, Dr. Hamid and many eminent homoeopaths settled in Karachi and Karachi became the center of homoeopathic activities. Dr. M. Masood Qureshi took the initiative and the Pakistan Homoeopathic Association was formed but this Association was very short-lived. Another body, Pakistan Homoeopathic Federation was formed in 1949, at Karachi. The first Pakistan Homoeopathic conference was held under the auspices of the Federation in Sept. 1949 at Karachi.

The Homoeopathic Bill was placed for the first time before Pakistan Legislative Assembly by Syed Noor Ahmed on 5th January 1950. The Legislative Assembly voted in favor of the publication of the Bill for public opinion.

In 1950 the Sind Medical Council put a ban on the use of the prefix 'Doctor' by any Homoeopath, which ban was eventually lifted under public pressure. In 1951 the Government appointed a Health Committee that was to recommend for:

  1. The procedure for the Registration of Homoeopaths.
  2. To prepare the syllabus for the Homoeopathic Medical Colleges.
The committee submitted its report in October 1951. Pir Ali Akbar Shah had in the meantime placed the Homoeopathic Practitioners' Bill in the Provincial Assembly of Sind in April 1951. Ultimately after many years of toil and hard labour the National Assembly of Pakistan passed the Unani, Ayurvedic and Homoeopathic Practitioners' Act, which provided for the registration of practitioners and the framing of the syllabus for the Homoeopathic Colleges. Under the provisions of the Act the Board of Homoeopathic System of Medicine was formed by the Government.

For 18 years after the creation of Pakistan, homoeopathy was practiced widely but remained officially unrecognized. In 1965, the Government of Pakistan passed an act under which homoeopathy and the indigenous herbal systems of medicine were regulated. Thus, Homoeopathy was officially recognized and the Board of Homoeopathic System of Medicine was established under the Unani, Ayurvedic and Homoeopathic Practitioners' Act. 1965 (II of 1965) nominating 19 members from East (now Bangladesh) and West Pakistan for a period of three years. It has an honorary President and a full-time Secretary-cum-Registrar. Its permanent office is situated at III/A/5/1. Nazimabad. Karachi.

The Board of Homoeopathic System of Medicine is the supreme body homoeopaths in the country. It is autonomous body under the control of the Ministry of Health, Government of Pakistan. Under the Unani, Ayurvedic and Homoeopathic Practitioners' Act. 1965 (II of 1965), the Board has been functioning.

  1. To consider applications for recognition made by the institutions imparting or desiring to impart instructions in homoeopathic system of medicine;
  2. To secure the maintenance of an adequate standard of efficiency in the recognized homoeopathic Institutions;
  3. To make arrangements for the registration of duly qualified persons in accordance with the provisions of the Act;
  4. To provide for Research in Homoeopathy, and
  5. To do such other acts and things as the Board may be empowered to do by the Act or the Rules.

Under the Act, the examinations in all the recognised homoeopathic medical institutions are conducted by the Board in accordance with the Government approved syllabus. The Board has also adopted a code of Ethics for the Registered/Enlisted Homoeopathic Practitioners duly approved by the Government of Pakistan. The registration of homoeopaths was done in 1967. 

A Research Report on Homoeopathy, which was prepared by the Research committee and subsequently approved by the Board, has since been published. The Board has finally approved the Pakistan Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia, which is now in its final printing stags.

In 1975 the Federal Government called a meeting of the prominent Homoeopaths of the country for the finalization of the amendments to the said Act, which are at present under the active consideration of the Government.

The Federal Government has approved the scheme for the establishment of a Homoeopathic Research Centre at Karachi. It is envisaged that Research Centers on the same pattern will be established in all the big cities of the country in near future.

So far the Board has sent its official delegations to the following International Conferences with the approval of the Federal Government.

  1. International Conference of Homoeopathic Medicine, held at Rome in 1968
  2. International Conference of Homoeopathic Medicine, held at Washington and San Francisco, U.S.A. in 1974.
  3. International Conference of Homoeopathic Medicine, held at Rotterdam (Holland) in 1975.
  4. International Conference of Homoeopathic Medicine, held at Athens in 1976.

In July 1977, the Government o Pakistan also accorded sanction for the establishment of a Homoeopathic Dispensary-cum-Research Centre at Karachi. 

In 1980, the Board of Homeopathic System of Medicine working under the Ministry of Health, was renamed as the National Council for Homeopathy. This council is responsible for conducting examinations, approving new homeopathic colleges, and registering practitioners. 

All homeopaths are required to undergo four years of training. The diploma DHMS is awarded by the National Council of Homoeopathy (NCH) to students who have successfully passed the course, taught at the Homoeopathic Colleges in Pakistan. A six-month apprenticeship with a qualified homoeopath is also required to be registered with the National Council for Homoeopathy and to become eligible to practice in Pakistan.

The National Health Laboratories at Islamabad, has a homoeopath research officer working in collaboration with the experts of the other systems of medicine. The State Life Insurance Corporation, Oil and Gas Corporation and other Corporate Bodies have also appointed homoeopaths on their panel of doctors.

There are 84 recognized homoeopathic colleges, with about another 30 awaiting recognition. The number of homoeopaths registered with the council is about 70,000. Any MBBS (MD) doctor may legally practice homoeopathy if he can satisfy the council that he has done six-months of apprenticeship in the field. There are a number of MBBS (MD) doctors practicing homoeopathy. Government hospitals also employ homoeopaths. There are hundreds of free Government homoeopathic dispensaries in every province of Pakistan and homoeopathic hospitals are being established on the Government level as well. 

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